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Omega-3s in Action

Omega-3s differ from vegetable polyunsaturates in their chemical structure and how they behave in the body. The two main omega-3s in seafood are EPA and DHA. Each of these fatty acids has distinct functions and enhances health in different ways:

Heart: Eating Alaska salmon and seafood rich in omega-3s significantly reduces the risk of sudden death, stroke, and a first heart attack. Omega-3s improve the electrical stability of the heart and the function of its arteries.

Blood Vessels: Omega-3s from fatty fish improve the functional activity of cells lining the blood vessels. They improve the tone of blood vessels walls and the balance of regulatory substances produced by the blood vessels. Fish oil omega-3s also inhibit the production of substances that promote mild inflammation associated with heart disease. Omega-3s lower blood pressure modestly.

Blood Lipids: Regular consumption of omega-3s from fish improves the pattern of blood lipids. Omega-3s lower blood triglycerides (fats) and boost the amount of HDL or "good" cholesterol. These changes are especially favorable in people with heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes: Eating fish regularly may reduce the chance that people at high risk for type 2 diabetes actually develop the disease. Omega-3s from fish improve the altered lipid patterns found in type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and related conditions. Omega-3s slow the progression of diabetes and reduce the risk of heart disease.

Anti-Inflammatory: Omega-3s from fish have anti-inflammatory properties. They reduce the inflammation in blood vessels characteristic of heart disease and diabetes. They reduce the production of inflammatory substances involved in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and some skin conditions such as eczema, thereby improving the symptoms.

Maternal and Infant Health: Omega-3s are essential for brain, eye, and nervous system development in the fetus and infant. Pregnant and nursing women who consume fish regularly ensure plenty of these fatty acids for their infant and their own tissue stores. In women at high risk for premature delivery, omega-3s may prolong gestation and reduce the chance of having an underweight baby.